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| Registros recuperados: 28 | |
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| Taris, Nicolas; Baron, S; Sharbel, Tim; Sauvage, Christopher; Boudry, Pierre. |
| The analysis of parentage using microsatellite markers is of increasing importance, notably in aquaculture genetic research where communal rearing of mixed families can be used to reduce unwanted environmental variance. We present here an optimization of parental genotype assessment for larvae or adults of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, using a multiplex system of three microsatellite loci. In conjunction with a simple DNA extraction protocol, this method enables high throughput analyses of parentage in C. gigas. Using this method, we successfully determined the parentage of 93% (1224 out of 1318) of the progeny in a factorial cross between 3 females and 10 males. The inability to genotype the remaining 7% was due to DNA degradation of larvae... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Oysters; Aquaculture; Parental assignment; High throughput; Larval DNA extraction; Multiplex. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/publication-1814.pdf |
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| Batista, Frederico; Ben-hamadou, Radhouan; Fonseca, Vera; Taris, Nicolas; Ruano, Francisco; Reis-henriques, Maria; Boudry, Pierre. |
| The taxonomic status of the cupped oysters Crassostrea angulata and C. gigas has received considerable attention in the last decades. Based on larval shell morphology, experimental hybridization, allozymes and nuclear DNA studies several authors have considered these two taxa as being synonymous. However, mitochondrial data showed clear genetic differences between the two taxa. In addition, microsatellite-based studies and cytogenetic studies have also provided evidence that supports their differentiation. Considerable differences have also been observed at the phenotypic level in terms of growth rate and ecophysiological parameters. In the present study, C. angulata from Sado estuary (Portugal) and C. gigas from Seudre estuary (France) were collected and... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Crassostrea angulata; Hybridization; Shell pigmentation; Shell morphology. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-3904.pdf |
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| Taris, Nicolas; Sauvage, Christopher; Batista, Frederico; Baron, Sophie; Ernande, Bruno; Haffray, Pierrick; Boudry, Pierre. |
| Previous studies have shown heritable variation in larval developmental traits in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. In order to study the genetic consequences of production of oyster larvae in hatcheries, two factors, specific to hatcheries, were examined: the effect of discarding the smallest larvae (i.e. culling) and the effect of temperature (20°C versus 26°C). A mixed-family approach was used in order to infer the genetic composition of larval populations and family assignment, limiting possible environmental bias and allowing the study of a relatively large number of families using a limited number of larval tanks. Our results show that three multiplexed highly polymorphic microsatellite markers are a powerful tool for family assignment and,... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Hatchery; Genetic diversity; Selection domestication; Larvae; Crassostrea gigas; Ecloserie; Diversité génétique; Sélection domestication; Larve; Crassostrea gigas. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-1505.pdf |
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| Boudry, Pierre; Launey, Sophie; Diaz-almela, A.; Naciri-graven, Yamama; Ledu, Christophe; Mira, S.; Taris, Nicolas; Bonhomme, Francois; Lapegue, Sylvie. |
| PCR-based DNA markers enable the study of diversity and differentiation of marine organisms at different stages of their life cycle. Our study of European fiat oyster (Ostrea edulis) populations aimed to describe their spatial and temporal dynamics. First, we analyzed adults sampled over the natural range of the species. An Atlantic/Mediterranean differentiation pattern was observed. Similar patterns of variation were found using allozymes, microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA, aIl which support an isolation by distance model. High variability was observed in the range of diversity between populations using a mitochondrial marker, a reflection of small effective population sizes in sorne locations. A 10fold quantitative difference was observed in Fst,... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Recruitment; Diversity; Molecular markers; Population genetics; Ostrea edulis; Flat oyster; Dynamique de recrutement; Diversité génétique; Microsatellites; Marqueurs moléculaires; Génétique des populations; Ostrea edulis; Huître plate. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/acte-2851.pdf |
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| Taris, Nicolas. |
| Cette étude aborde la diversité génétique d'une espèce de bivalve marin, Ostrea edulis et plus particulièrement les interactions existant entre génétique (flux de gènes) et démographie (dynamique de reproduction) à l'échelle de la population. Elle repose sur l'utilisation de marqueurs microsatellites pour tenter de comprendre les facteurs participant à la mise ne place d'une structuration génétique au sein de laquelle peuvent être observés des phénomènes de déficit en hétérozygotes et de ration positive entre hétérozygotie et valeur sélective. L'un des objectifs est en particulier de tester l'hypothèse de consanguinité à l'échelle locale. Pour cela, nous avons étudier la structure génétique de cohortes d'huîtres plates au cours d'une saison de reproduction... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Ostrea edulis; Génétique des Populations; Microsatellites; Diversité génétique; Dynamique de recrutement. |
| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00033/14419/11714.pdf |
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| Lapegue, Sylvie; Taris, Nicolas; Boudry, Pierre; Langlade, Aime; Bonhomme, Francois. |
| Le milieu marin est un milieu difficile à appréhender car composé d'un ensemble d'organismes et d'écosystèmes caractérisés par des conditions de fonctionnement tout à fait originales et souvent difficiles d'accès. Ces spécificités peuvent être attribuées à la structure spatiale du milieu marin, qui à bien des égards, diffère du milieu terrestre. En effet si les notions de barrières géographiques sont une réalité concrète pour les organismes terrestres, elles restent rarement identifiées en milieu marin (PALUMBI 1994). Dans un tel environnement, les organismes présentent des cycles de vie souvent mal connus, notamment ceux qui associent phase benthique et phase planctonique. L'étude de la structure génétique des populations, dans un espace aussi ouvert aux... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Diversité génétique; Génétique; Recrutement; Génotypage; Variabilité génétique; Huître plate; Ostrea edulis. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00044/15478/12857.pdf |
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| Taris, Nicolas; Sauvage, Christopher; Ernande, Bruno; Batista, Frederico; Boudry, Pierre. |
| Hatchery techniques are now well handled in an increasing number of aquaculture species. However, unintentional effects of domestication often remain poorly documented. In this context, we studied how current hatchery practices may genetically influence larval traits for which significant genetic variation had previously been reported in the Pacific oyster. Two main factors were studied: culling (i.e. discarding the smallest larvae) and rearing temperature (26°C versus 20°C). In parallel, we estimated genetic diversity of broodstock populations sampled in French hatcheries. Finally, we compared larval development and settlement success in the progeny of one of these hatchery broodstock, which had been selected for seven generations, with those of wild... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Genetic drift; Selection; Genetic; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters; Hatchery techniques. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3362.pdf |
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| Auby, Isabelle; Maurer, Daniele; Masson, Nadine; Durand, Nathalie; Sautour, Benoit; Taris, Nicolas; D'Amico, Florence; Guillard, Fabien; Guegen, Cathy; Trut, Gilles; Cantin, Christian; Pellier, Claude. |
| Tipo: Text |
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| Ano: 2002 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00083/19395/16988.pdf |
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| Taris, Nicolas; Batista, F; Boudry, Pierre. |
| Underlying consequences of domestication and artificial selection still remain largely unexplored in most aquacultured species. For species with a two phase life cycle, including the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas, most genetic studies have focused on the post-metamorphosis juvenile and adult stages, but relatively few considered the larval stage. To assess the consequence of hatchery practices on larval characters, especially growth, we performed a phenotypic study on larval progenies derived from crosses between Pacific oysters from natural beds and farmed Pacific oysters selected for desirable production traits such as rapid growth, for over seven generations. A set of three microsatellite loci was used to compare the genetic variability between the... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Inbreeding depression; Selection; Domestication; Larval stage. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2007/publication-3848.pdf |
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| Taris, Nicolas; Sauvage, Christopher; Ernande, Bruno; Boudry, Pierre. |
| Among bivalve species, the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, is the most economically important bivalve production over the world. Today, C. gigas is subject to an important production effort that leads to an intensive artificial selection. Larval stage is relatively unknown, specifically in a domestication context. Genetic consequence of artificial selection is still at a preliminary study. We aimed to tackle the consequence of inconscient domestication on the variance reproductive success focusing on larval stage, keystone of the life cycle. We studied two kinds of specific selective processes that common hatchery rearing practices exert : the effect of discarding the smallest larvae on genetic diversity and the artificial environment rearing effect via... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Selection; Genetic correlations; Genetic variability; Genetic; Domestication selective; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3441.pdf |
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| Lapegue, Sylvie; Taris, Nicolas; Lallias, Delphine; Bonhomme, Francois; Boudry, Pierre. |
| The European flat oyster (Ostrea edulis L.) is a marine bivalve whose natural geographical distribution ranges along the European Atlantic coast from Norway to Morocco, in addition to the Mediterranean and Black Sea. The latest results obtained on the genetic differentiation between these populations have led us to persue studies at a finer scale, in order to estimate the effective number of breeders and the temporal dynamics of reproduction and, more specially, recruitment. Several experiments were performed to document (1) the variance in allele frequencies during a natural settlement period, (2) the paternal contribution to fertilization by analyzing larvae sampled at the brooding stage within individual females, (3) the variance of individual... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Recruitment; Microsatellite markers; Ostrea edulis; European flat oyster; Genetic. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3485.pdf |
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| Boudry, Pierre; Degremont, Lionel; Taris, Nicolas; Mccombie, Helen; Haffray, Pierrick; Ernande, Bruno. |
| The most significant genetic improvement for production of Pacific oyster (Crassastrea gigas) has been obtained through the breeding of triploids, especially since the development of tetraploids. Quantitative genetics studies suggest that significant gains, for disease resistance or for other traits of aquacultural interest, could be obtained using this approach. However, the limited extent of hatchery-propagation (versus natural recruitment) and/or various technical difficulties and biological characteristics of the species have slowed the development of selective breeding programs. Recently, in the USA, Australia and New Zealand, family-based selective breeding programs have been initiated to improve growth and yield. In Europe, where both natural and... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Microsatellites; Quantitative genetic; Genetic variability; Crassostrea gigas; Oysters. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/publication-2861.pdf |
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| Boudry, Pierre; Degremont, Lionel; Taris, Nicolas; Mccombie, Helen; Haffray, Pierrick; Ernande, Bruno. |
| To date, the most significant genetic improvement for the production of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) has been obtained through the breeding of triploids, especially since the development of tetraploids. Quantitative genetics studies suggest that significant gains, for disease resistance or for other traits of aquacultural interest, could be obtained in diploids using this approach. However, the limited extent of hatchery-propagation (versus natural recruitment) and/or various technical difficulties and biological characteristics of the species have retarded the development of selective breeding programs. Recently, in the U.S.A., Australia and New Zealand, countries where hatcheries are a major source of C. gigas juveniles, family-based selective... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Microsatellite markers; Selective breeding; Genetic; Genetic variability; Crassostrea gigas; Pacific oysters. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3449.pdf |
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| Batista, Frederico; Fonseca, Vera; Ben-hamadou, Radhouan; Taris, Nicolas; Henriques, Maria; Boudry, Pierre. |
| Unlike in some crops, no large heterotic effects have been observed in most farmed animals. Interestingly, significant hybrid vigour for some traits has been reported in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas. Crossbreeding between closely related taxa can be seen as an efficient way to exploit the dominance component of the genetic variance of a trait. Factorial crosses between the Portuguese oyster C. angulata (from Sado estuary, Portugal) and C. gigas (from Seudre estuary, France) were done to evaluate the aquaculture potential of hybrids. Juveniles of the different progenies were reared in Ria Formosa (Portugal) under usual farming conditions. The genetic confirmation of all progenies was done using mitochondrial and nuclear markers in order to detect... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Hybridization; Crassostrea angulata; Crassostrea gigas; Genetic; Oyster. |
| Ano: 2006 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2006/acte-3429.pdf |
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| Taris, Nicolas; Sauvage, Christopher; Boudry, Pierre. |
| Oysters, like many other marine bivalves, are characterized by high fertility and low survival rates during the precocious stages. Hatchery reproduction, realised in very different conditions than in their natural habitat (density, food, temperature, etc.), tends to optimize the production of larvae and juveniles. As a consequence, slow growing larvae are systematically culled. Previous results suggest the existence of a genetic variability linked to precocious development. Our approach consists in studying the evolutionary process (genetic drift and selection) linked with hatchery reproduction. Thanks to microsatellite markers enabling us to analyse the relatedness in "mixed" cultivated families, we studied the variability of breeding success in... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Huîtres; Marqueurs microsatellites; Reproduction; Sélection; Dérive génétique; Variabilité génétique; Génétique. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3481.pdf |
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| Taris, Nicolas; Sauvage, Christopher; Boudry, Pierre. |
| Early-life history of oysters, like in most marine bivalves, is characterized by high fecundity and low survival rate. In hatcheries, which are ecoming more and more important for the production of juveniles for aquaculture production, rearing conditions are optimised (density, feeding, temperature...), and contrast with those observed in the wild. Additionally, slow growing larvae are culled by sieving. |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Crassostrea gigas; Juvenile; Genetic variability; Selection; Genetic; Hatcheries; Oyster. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2005/acte-3444.pdf |
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| Taris, Nicolas; Sauvage, Christopher; Boudry, Pierre. |
| Oysters, like many marine bivalves, are characterized by very high fecundity and low survival rate at early stages of life. Rearing conditions in hatcheries (i.e. density, feeding, temperature...) are different from those observed in the wild. Additionally, slow growing larvae are culled by sieving. As previous studies have shown that genetic variability exists for several early development traits, we aimed to assess if common hatchery rearing practices exert specific selective processes at the larval stage. In order to avoid possible bias and to increase the number of families studied, we used a mixed-family approach with subsequent parentage analysis using a recently developed set of three multiplexed microsatellite markers. We studied the variance in... |
| Tipo: Text |
Palavras-chave: Hatcheries; Selection; Genetic drift; Genetic; Crassotrea gigas; Pacific oysters. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2004/acte-3483.pdf |
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| Registros recuperados: 28 | |
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